Symptoms of High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

The only way to determine if you have high blood pressure is to have it tested. It is an easy and painless test and can be done in your doctor’s office.

To be prepared for the test:

• Avoid drinking coffee or smoking cigarettes for 30 minutes before the test.
• Go to the bathroom before the test.
• Sit for five minutes before being tested.

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A gauge, stethoscope, and a blood pressure cuff are often used to measure your blood pressure.

While you’re sitting down, your healthcare provider will wrap an inflatable arm cuff around your arm and measure your blood pressure using a pressure-measuring gauge. Throughout the test, try to avoid moving your arm.

Since your blood pressure varies throughout the day, your doctor will most likely take two to three blood pressure readings during your visit at three or more separate appointments to confirm that it’s elevated.

Blood pressure readings include two numbers, given in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

The first number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats (contracts). This is called systolic pressure.

The second number measures the pressure in your arteries between beats (when your heart is relaxed and filling with blood). This is called diastolic pressure.

Blood pressure measurements fall into the following five categories:

Normal Blood Pressure Blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg is considered normal. Once you get above this range, your risk of cardiovascular disease increases.

Elevated Blood Pressure When the readings consistently range from 120 to 129 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic, it is called elevated. People with elevated blood pressure are at an increased risk for developing high blood pressure and should take steps to control it, including following a healthy diet and getting regular exercise.

Hypertension Stage 1 This is when blood pressure consistently ranges from 130 to 139 mmHg systolic or 80 to 89 mmHg diastolic. Patients who have hypertension stage 1 will likely be prescribed lifestyle modifications to lower blood pressure. Medication may also be considered based on your risk of cardiovascular disease.

Hypertension Stage 2 This is when blood pressure is consistently 140/90 mmHg or higher. At this stage, doctors are likely to prescribe medication to lower blood pressure in conjunction with lifestyle changes.